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The liver is the largest single organ (1.5kg in an adult) in the human body and contains more than 10 percent of the total volume of blood at any moment.The liver is well-known for its role in metabolism and detoxification.It is roughly the size of a football and is located in the upper right-hand part of the abdomen,behind the lower ribs.The liver is one tough and marvelous machine.It has the  awesome responsibility of taking the first shot at the final products of digestion.As the blood brings important nutrients from the bloodstream,the liver purifies and converts them into useful constituents for bodily function.It is also important for eradicating toxins and reducing free radical damage.The liver filters over a liter of blood each minute and plays a central role in nearly all body functions,including:
Converting food into chemicals the body needs to remain healthy;
 

• Detoxifying the blood by filtering out toxins from blood into the digestive system for excretion;
• Producing bile,a liquid that is essential for digestion;
• Controlling the production and excretion of cholesterol;
• Maintaining the proper levels of chemicals and drugs into the blood;
• Regulating hormone levels.

Yet, despite the importance of this organ, we take our best shots daily, either by ignorance of knowledge, at quelling its function. While the most obvious culprits are drugs and alcohol, other factors affect liver function, as well. Factors such as inhaled industrial toxins (pollution) and ingested or injected drugs lead the list. When it comes to exercise, probably the most hepato-threatening agents are those often used frequently or daily. These would include contraceptives, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, such as ibuprofen,acetaminophen,and naproxen. Of course, there are also steroids, anabolic and otherwise. Add to that a little nightlife to the mix, especially alcohol, and the stress, placed on the liver, becomes exponential.

Many of the body’s metabolic functions occur primarily in the liver, including the metabolism of cholesterol and the conversion of proteins and fats into glucose. The liver is also referred to as the “gate keeper”. The liver decides what enters the blood, in an effort to protect the rest of the body. Deciding what is welcome and what is rejected is one of the roles of the “gatekeeper”. Familiar molecules are allowed entry. Aliens are destroyed.

Most vitamin, mineral, protein, carbohydrate, and chemical and organic molecules can be destroyed because they are for the most part nonessential molecules. Whatever amount that is not destroyed will be utilized by the body and may also contribute to performance enhancement. However, what happens to the unwelcome molecules? It is hypothesized that immediately some of the molecules must stay in the liver until refined to disposable waste. Thus, they must interfere with normal liver functions that would take place if the unwelcome molecules had not appeared.

The bile secreted by the liver is a complex aqueous liquid composed of electrolytes, proteins, lipids, amino acids, and vitamins. The components of bile are synthesized in hepatocytes (the predominant cell type in the liver) and secreted into small ducts that ultimately become the common bile duct that takes bile into the small intestine.

There are many types of liver disease and some can be life-threatening unless treated, such as chronic hepatitis (inflammation of the liver),cirrhosis, and fatty liver (steatosis). Symptoms of liver disease include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes),dark urine, nausea, vomiting of blood, bloody or black stool, fatigue, and abdominal swelling or pain.

Chronic hepatitis can lead to cirrhosis of the liver. Cirrhosis occurs when the liver cells die and are replaced by fibrosis (scarring).Cirrhosis interferes with blood flow through the liver leading to an inability of the liver to perform its biochemical functions. Symptoms of cirrhosis include weight loss, fatigue, vomiting, and loss of appetite.

In this review we will inform you of beneficial ingredients for liver disease and that are popular to help maintain healthy liver functions.

Milk Thistle

Silymarin is the active constituent from the milk thistle plant (silybum marianum) and has been promoted extensively as a natural remedy for diseases of the liver and biliary function. It has been used medicinally for over 2.000 years and has been proven very effective. The biologically active component extracted from the seeds of the milk thistle is a group of flavone lignans collectively called silymarin. Silymarin seems to protect liver cells by acting as an antioxidant. Milk thistle also stimulates protein synthesis, which accelerates cell regeneration within the liver.

 Clinical studies have shown benefits of milk thistle for liver cirrhosis. The study was done on alcoholics and non-alcoholics with cirrhosis. Those who received 140mg silymarin three times daily for an average of 41 months had a much higher survival rate than placebo. The study also found that silymarin treatment was more effective in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. This effective herb’s mechanism is remarkable. It also appears as though it may have dynamic bioactive properties, as there have been reported improvements in exogenous insulin need in cirrhotic diabetic patients.

 NAC – (N-Acetylcysteine)

When liver toxicity occurs, the liver is depleted of glutathione, which plays an important role in scavenging free radicals and containing oxidative damage within cells. One of the most well researched supplements for restoring glutathione concentrations is N_Acetylcysteine (NAC), which is a variant of amino acid L-Cysteine. NAC is a source of sulfhydryl groups that are converted in the body into metabolites capable of stimulating glutathione synthesis, which is important for promoting detoxification and acting directly as a free radical scavenger. To this end, NAC has been used clinically in hospitals as an antidote for  acetaminophen poisoning.

Alpha Lipoic Acid

Alpha Lipoic Acid is also an antioxidant that is produced naturally in the body and has the ability to expedite the synthesis of other antioxidants like vitamin E, vitamin C, and glutathione for further use after they have eradicated free radicals. Unlike other antioxidants, alpha lipoic acid is both a fat and water-soluble antioxidant and is easily transported across cell membranes, where it can also act as a precursor to glutathione. It has been shown to be effective in the restorations of liver function.

Picrorhiza Kurroa

The root and rhizomes of Picrorhiza Kurroa have traditionally been used in the ayurvedic medicine to treat disorders of the liver and upper  respiratory tract. The hepato-protective action of this amazing herb has been attributed to its ability to inhibit the generation of oxygen anions and to scavenge free radicals.

In a clinical trial, 33 patients diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis were given picrorhiza extract three times daily for two weeks. The levels of the liver function markers – bilirubin, AST, and ALT – were significantly lower in the treatment group as compared to placebo.

Schisandra

Schisandra Chinensis is used in traditional Chinese medicine as an adaptogen and was demonstrated to protect the liver against various toxins. Various lignans, including schisandrin, schisandrol, and deoxy-schisandrin are believed responsible for this plant’s activity.

A synthetic analog of schisandrin called DDB is now widely used in China as a  hepato-protective drug. DDB has the ability to lower the elevated liver enzyme levels of patients suffering from viral hepatitis.

Glycyrrhizin

In Europe, a daily injection of glycyrrhizin has been shown to normalize ALT levels in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Patients with chronic  hepatitis C were administered intravenous glycyrrhizin three or six times per week for four weeks. At the end of treatment, ALT levels were significantly decreased by 26 percent and 47 percent for three times per week and six times per week, respectively.

Liver-Rx™ by Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals,Inc. is one-of-a-kind product to promote healthy liver function. It contains the highest grade extracts of all the above mentioned ingredients. Liver-Rx™ helps liver cells to regenerate. This product is referred to often as a lipotropic agent. Lipotropic agents are compounds that promote the flow of fat and bile to and from the liver. In essence, Liver-Rx™ provides extraordinary protection for the liver from damage while enhancing the detoxification processes. Whether a lifetime of abuse on the liver by chemicals or alcohol is your concern, or preventative maintenance is your goal, then Liver-Rx™ is for you.